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6. Fire (Sun)
A broken
line inbetween two solid lines symbolize fire. The two solid lines indicate
the movement of fire. The broken line is the center of the fire which is
still. In addition, this Qua also represents the Sun.
7. Mountain
A
solid line on top of two broken lines symbolize mountain. The solid line
represents elevation and the bottom two broken lines represent earth. Thus
this image is a mountain elevated above the earth.
8. Marsh
A
broken line on top of two solid lines symbolize marsh. The top broken line
is water and the bottom two solid lines is sky. If we are looking down at a
body of water anywhere on earth, we will see the reflected sky below the
water surface. This seems to be a logical way to symbolize the Marsh Qua.
Later, around 1150BCE, King Wen was falsely imprisoned by the last
tyrannical leader of the Shang dynasty. Whilst in jail he studied the
Changes and created the hexagrams (six line figures) by doubling the
trigrams of Fu Hsi. He gave each figure a name and a short description. When
his son, the Duke of Chou, later added texts for the individual lines, the
Yi Jing(I Ching) was essentially complete and, by the time of Confucius,
around 500BCE, it had become a core classic of Chinese thought.
How much of this traditional account is historical fact is less important
than the nature of the tale. Specifically, the Yi Jing(I Ching) has no
single author, rather it has been pieced together by a number of people over
a long period of time. Further, it is the result of careful observation of
the patterns in the world and those observations have been organized into a
coherent picture using the symbols of the Book of Change.
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